The difference of removal force values on various preload application on 5º taper implant transfer abutment to determine the optimal preload

Background: Dental implants successfully become long-term solution in Indonesia with the two-piece variety being prevalent. The 5º tapered internal connections are favored for their stability compared to external connections. Preload is essential for stability relying on friction between the implant-abutment connection. Purpose: Evaluate the differences in removal force value resulting from various preload applications on 5º taper implant transfer abutment to determine the optimal preload. Methods: Implant abutments with 5º taper implant transfer abutments were evaluated in the study. The control group of this study derived from the manufacturer’s preload recommendation of 35 Ncm. Preloads from 10 Ncm, 15 Ncm, 20 Ncm, 25 Ncm, 30 Ncm, 40 Ncm, 45 Ncm, 50 Ncm were used as independent variables in this experiment (n=3). The abutment screw was removed before the tensile test using a universal testing machine (UTM). Statistical data analysis was conducted using the One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD (p<0,05). Results: The 35 Ncm preload has the highest result with a mean value of (723 N ± 53.8). The 10 Ncm preload had the lowest results with a mean value of (267 N ± 71.4). There was no remarkable difference between the 30 Ncm and the 35 Ncm preload groups. Conclusion: There is a difference in removal force values at various preloads given. The removal force value at 35 Ncm is the optimal preload recommended by the manufacturer in line with a preload of 30 Ncm which is not significantly different from 35 Ncm.