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Shock Dayside Auroras and Shock-Substorms: Internal Magnetospheric Shocks
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Interplanetary shocks cause dayside auroras and can cause nighttime substorms. Both phenomena occur within minutes of the shock impingement onto the magnetosphere. The nightside substorms occur if there is solar wind energy preloading within ~3 hrs prior to shock impingement. If there is no energy preloading, a substorm will not occur. There will only be the dayside aurora. In one shock-substorm examined (GRL 2025) the auroral onset occurred at L ~6, indicating that magnetic reconnection was not the mechanism for substorm onset. Possible specific trigger mechanisms will be discussed.GRL, 26, 8, 1097, 1999; GRL 106, A9, 18957, 2001; Surv. Geo., 22, 101, 2001; ASR, 31, 4, 1063, 2003; GRL, 52, 2025 https:/doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115509.
Title: Shock Dayside Auroras and Shock-Substorms: Internal Magnetospheric Shocks
Description:
Interplanetary shocks cause dayside auroras and can cause nighttime substorms.
Both phenomena occur within minutes of the shock impingement onto the magnetosphere.
The nightside substorms occur if there is solar wind energy preloading within ~3 hrs prior to shock impingement.
If there is no energy preloading, a substorm will not occur.
There will only be the dayside aurora.
In one shock-substorm examined (GRL 2025) the auroral onset occurred at L ~6, indicating that magnetic reconnection was not the mechanism for substorm onset.
Possible specific trigger mechanisms will be discussed.
GRL, 26, 8, 1097, 1999; GRL 106, A9, 18957, 2001; Surv.
Geo.
, 22, 101, 2001; ASR, 31, 4, 1063, 2003; GRL, 52, 2025 https:/doi.
org/10.
1029/2025GL115509.
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