Various Foreign Bodies Causing Bladder Stones in Females: The Lessons Learnt

Background: Bladder stones are common in males but not so common in females. They account for nearly 5% of the urinary system stone disease. We here share our journey of bladder calculi in female patients and will let you know various foreign bodies that can cause bladder calculus, various treatment modalities that exist to treat them and the lessons that we learnt. Methods: We did a retrospective study from August 2016 to July 2020 at SMBT IMS & RC, Nashik. A total nine patients were included out of the total twentythree bladder stone patients. Diagnostic investigations included X-ray of kidney, ureter and bladder region, ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis, computed tomography and if needed, cystoscopy before every planned surgical procedure. Results: Nine patients of complicated bladder stone with or without foreign body were treated in the study. Two patients required open surgery. Six patients underwent per urethral cystolithotripsy for their stones and one patient underwent suprapubic percutaneous cystolithotripsy. Psychiatric evaluation was done for one patient. Clean intermittent catheterisation was advised for the neurogenic bladder patient. Conclusion: To find and treat a bladder stone in a female patient is much easy as compared to find out the cause of that stone. The reason being the rarity of bladder calculus in females, more so the secondary calculus. Therefore, whenever you find a bladder calculus in female patient you should find out the cause by taking prior proper history, doing proper clinical examination, ordering relevant investigations and treating them as per the current strategies. Keywords: Bladder calculus females; Foreign body; Calculus over foreign body; Giant bladder calculus; Fragmented D J stent.