Phenomenological approach to human subjectivity in tourism sciences

Through a phenomenological approach to human subjectivity, this study seeks to explain the philosophical ideology of phenomenology that is lacking in its methodology. Ideology and methodology combine to form phenomenology, and in some ways, they are so intertwined that one defines the other. However, phenomenology is frequently employed in tourism sciences primarily as a methodology for qualitative research on human subjectivity, which is not phenomenology's primary objective. The goals of phenomenology are to clarify how our experiences shape our subjectivity, to avoid taking subjectivity for granted as something objective (epoke methodology), and to concentrate on how subjectivity is given to us. The phenomenological concepts presented in the method must serve as its foundation; the methodology in brackets is the converse of the philosophical principles in brackets. In order to reduce the unity of all existence to myself and my subjectivity with its capacity to create meaning and impart meaning, phenomenology must be correctly identified in the event itself. First, i) psychological subjectivity and phenomenological subjectivity are compared in order to move from the objective world to the subjective world. The foundation of equal subjectivity is then established by discussing the origins of the construction of phenomenological subjectivity, namely temporality, lifeworld, and corporeality. Based on this, the significance of mutual subjectivity is made clear, which in turn explains how phenomenology suggests a body-subjective freedom that can aid in going beyond the boundaries of conventional concepts of freedom. Phenomenology enables us to see the change in perspective that ultimately enables us to more deeply and thoroughly embrace the genuine nature of our everydayness, which is full of meaning.