LIBERAL REVOLUTION AND PLANS FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION REFORM (BASED ON MATERIALS OF EKATERINBURG ZEMSTVO)

The article analyzes the educational project of the Yekaterinburg Zemstvo - local self-government, presented at the 48th regular session of the district Zemstvo in 1917. The district Zemstvo bodies received from the Provisional Government the right to manage school affairs not only economically, but also educationally. About 350 educational institutions came under the jurisdiction of the Yekaterinburg zemstvo. The district Zemstvo government proposed creating a three-tier system for managing local, township and district school committees. These governing bodies were to be democratically elected and consist of teachers, representatives of the local community, local governments and public organizations. The government proposed to change the educational program of public schools in the spirit of the “school of action” theory. The work of the students themselves at the lesson was brought to the fore; the teacher was only asked to give direction to the independent work of the class and monitor it. Importance was given to learning “homeland studies,” which allowed children to independently study the world around them.