AGRARIAN REFORM OF THE EARLY XX CENTURY AND PARTICIPATION OF POLTAVA ZEMSTVO IN CARRYING OUT IT

The article analyzes the participation of the Poltava Zemstvo in the agrarian reform of the early twentieth century. The main component of the reform of agrarian relations and, in particular, property relations, was the problem of the formation of the market for land and farms. Zemstvo self-government became a direct participant in the agrarian reform, because the legislation entrusted it with issues of land use organization, land management, regulation of land relations and control over the use of land resources. The article is devoted to the study of the experience of the practical activity of the Poltava zemstvo in the process of carrying out agrarian reform. During the reform period, the zemstvo conducted significant research work with the aim of studying the agrarian issue and determining ways and means of solving it. During the reform period, the Zemstvo conducted significant research to study the agrarian issue and identify ways and means to solve it. The participation of the Zemstvo councillors in the work of land management commissions contributed to the creation of individual peasant farms, withdrawal of peasants from communities and settling land for them in private ownership through the introduction of farms and holdings. The Poltava Zemstvo took an active part in the implementation of the Government's policy aimed at resettlement of landless peasants in Siberia and the Far East. During the agrarian reform, the Zemstvo intensified the provision of financial assistance to peasants, promoted the development of consumer cooperation, disseminated information on advanced agricultural techniques and took other measures in order to modernize the agricultural sector and form market relations. But along with the positive results, the activities of the Government and Zemstvo led to the impoverishment of a large part of the peasantry and concentration of land in the private property of wealthy peasants, which entailed a significant aggravation of social contradictions.