Addressing the Complexity of Illegal Gun Possession for Participants in Gun Diversion Programs

: Incarceration-based approaches to illegal gun possession have not proven effective at reducing gun violence, and they have created dramatic racial disparities. Within this context, a small number of jurisdictions have developed prosecutor-led gun diversion programs (PLGDPs), which offer diversion from prosecution and an opportunity to engage in community-based services with a common goal of reducing illegal gun possession. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that contribute to illegal gun possession among PLGDP participants, and the extent to which PLGDP programming addresses these complex factors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 PLGDP stakeholders (8 PLGDP participants, 15 prosecutors, and 9 service providers), and qualitative analyses identified themes related to illegal gun possession and PLGDP programming connections and disconnections. Findings indicate that safety concerns related to structural issues of community violence are a primary factor driving gun possession among PLGDP participants. While PLGDPs were viewed as having some benefits, disconnects in PLGDP programming centered on assumptions made about the target population and the limitations of individual-level interventions to curb gun violence. If PLGDPs are to have an impact on gun violence, trauma-focused approaches must be incorporated, and efforts should be made to better understand and address environmental factors.