Scientific Theoretical Fundamentals Of Philological Comparative Studies

Abstract: Comparative literature or literary comparative studies is a branch of science based on the comparison of two or more literary phenomena. The future of comparative literature is one of the great directions of science in our time, when international social, cultural and literary relations are developing day by day. Any comparative study identifies common and specific aspects of literary phenomena, which serve as the basis for the emergence of general theoretical laws between literatures. The aim of the research work. The purpose of the science is to provide students, masters and all researchers with theoretical information about the methodology of comparative studies, comparative literature, to explain the methods of comparative research, to improve their knowledge in this area. In addition, the purpose of comparative literature is to determine the typological and genetic nature of literary events (visual aids, works of art (тасвирий санъат ишларими), literary heritage of writers, literary schools, genres, etc.), regardless of whether it is a historical phenomenon or a specific historical fact and to demonstrate the internal laws that apply to a literary event. Results and considerations. The object of science is the comparative historical method and its founders, the basic concepts; macro and micro comparatibility; it aims to provide as much theoretical knowledge as possible about East-West literary relations, translation criticism, criteria for comparative analysis of a literary text, and to develop in researchers the ability to compare and contrast literary events. Conclusion. During the study of this subject, students, masters and researchers: be able to explain the methodology of comparative research and its basic concepts; knowledge of the basic literature on comparative literature and their summary; have a general idea of the translation, types of translation, translation criticism, a certain knowledge of the comparison of the original and the translation; have the skills to identify general and specific aspects of literary events through comparison, to analyze the issues of poetics, literary relations and literary influence.