Arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint (literature review)

Introduction Diseases and injuries that affect the small joints of the hand, the metacarpophalangeal, in particular, lead to a limitated hand function and a reduced quality of life. The high functional demands of the hand impose strict restoration requirements and the development of the new and improvement of the existing surgical treatments of hand joints remains a serious challenge for the medical community. Arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint is widely used and can help restore function to hand. Despite the long history of arthroplasty procedures there is controversy concerning functional results. Objective Review foreign and Russian literature on metacarpophalangeal joint replacement and analyze the current state of the problem. Material and methods Foreign and Russian scientific publications on the treatment of metacarpophalangeal diseases and injuries were reviewed. Online searching for the articles published in Russian and English in the last five years was performed with the help of GoogleScholar, PubMed, eLIBRARY, PubMedCentral using the keywords "arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint", "osteoarthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joint", "finger joint replacement". Results and discussion Today, a wide range of total hip prosthesis designs, differing in geometric configurations and features is available with the current trend towards adaptation of the soft tissues to the structural modifications. Major indications for the use of different types of arthroplasty have been identified. Specific design features of implants can show higher failure rates and postoperative complications. Conclusion Arthroplasty is the best surgical treatment option for diseases and injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint and improved construction solutions and materials for metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty are essential for better outcomes.