Karakterisasi Tiga Jenis Simplisia Jahe yang Tumbuh di Jawa Barat

Abstract. Emprit ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), elephant ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc), and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) are notable biopharmaceutical plants from Indonesia, recognized in the export market and extensively utilized in the production of natural medicines. Consequently, it is essential to ensure the quality of raw materials, including simplicia and extracts, to uphold the standards of natural medicinal products. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of simplicia and extracts derived from emprit ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), elephant ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc), and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) sourced from West Java. This research is an experimental design, focusing on quantitatively determining the characteristics of simplicia and extracts.. The results of the study showed consecutive results for emprit ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum) that are water-soluble essence content (17.56%, 20.14%, 17.84%), ethanol-soluble essence content (17.08%, 16.96%, 16.04%), water content (8.90%, 8.40%, 8.90%), total ash (4.10%, 4.01%, 4.74%), acid insoluble ash content (1.46%, 1.95%, 0.60%), loss of drying (7.57%, 7 .76%, 7.89%), yield extract (7.75%, 8.79%, 21.51%), and specific gravity (0.84%, 0.83%, 0.84%). In conclusion, samples of emprit ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), elephant ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc), and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) have satisfied the quality standards for simplicia and extracts following Farmakope Herbal Indonesia 2017. Abstrak. Jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc.), dan jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) merupakan tanaman biofarmaka asal Indonesia yang dikenal luas di pasar ekspor dan banyak digunakan dalam pembuatan obat bahan alam. Oleh karena itu, mutu bahan baku termasuk simplisia dan ekstrak harus terjamin untuk menjaga kualitas produk obat bahan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc), dan jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) yang berasal dari Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, di mana karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak ditentukan secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil berturut-turut untuk jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc.), dan jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) yaitu kadar sari larut air (17,56%, 20,14%, 17,84%), kadar sari larut etanol (17,08%, 16,96%, 16,04%), kadar air (8,90%, 8,40%, 8,90%), kadar abu total (4,10%, 4,01%, 4,74%), kadar abu tidak larut asam (1,46%, 1,95%, 0,60%), susut pengeringan (7,57%, 7,76%, 7,89%), rendemen ekstrak (7,75%, 8,79%, 21,51%), dan bobot jenis (0,84%, 0,83%, 0,84%). Kesimpulannya sampel jahe (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Rosc), dan jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) telah memenuhi mutu simplisia dan ekstrak sesuai dengan Farmakope Herbal Indonesia 2017.