Alteration In Kidney Biomarkers After Inhalation Exposure of Transfluthrin Based Liquid Mosquito Repellent In Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout)

The use of liquid mosquito repellent is one of the most significant and persistent sources of indoor air pollution in houses. Human deals with the world's deadliest vector-borne disease, malaria, as well as the fastest-growing vector disease in the world right now, dengue, which is also spread by mosquitoes. Insect-borne diseases are a major public health concern. Transfluthrin, d-allethrin, bioallethrin, dimefluthrin, pralethrin, dphenothrin, cypenothrin, or esbiothrin are some of the more common insecticides contained in mosquito repellents. All of them are pyrethroid derivatives. After 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of exposure to liquid insect repellent in the treated group as compared to the control group, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout) showed substantial increases in kidney biomarkers Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). The current study shows that different kidney biomarkers are adversely affected by liquid mosquito repellent. The main component of this repellent is lethal and dangerous for both people and the environment. Keywords : Repellent, Insecticides, Transfluthrin, Pyrethroid