The Effect of Secondary Neuritis on the Optic Nerve in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Abstract Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the pathophysiology of CRS is not fully understood, and there is a lack of consensus on the definition and diagnosis of this condition. Methods: 8 patients (16 eyes) aged 18-32 were examined at the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University with progressive optic nerve atrophy caused by secondary neuritis combined with sinusitis. We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with CRS who underwent a comprehensive otolaryngological evaluation, including nasal endoscopy, computed tomography (CT) scan, and allergy testing. Patients were classified into two groups: those with and without secondary neuritis. Result. Eight patients with optic nerve atrophy caused by secondary neuritis combined with sinusitis examined by OCT. The optic nerve damage in the early period (up to half a year) characterized by the appearance retinal neural fibers layer (RNFL)’s white sectors combined with red-yellow sectors on the side of the lesion. It could be evidence of edematous -degenerative processes. Later, after more than a year, RNFL’s yellow-red sectors appeared on the side of the lesion and white on the opposite side. The finding characterizes the development of atrophy of the optic nerve and involvement of the opposite side. Conclusion Our study suggests that secondary neuritis is a common complication of CRS and is associated with more severe symptoms and CT scan abnormalities. Early recognition and treatment of secondary neuritis may help to prevent or slow down the progression of the disease.