Experimental Investigation of the Characteristics and Tribological Effectiveness of Pongamia pinnata Lubricant Oil Blended with Nanoadditives

The amalgamation of nanomaterials with bio-lubricants presents a promising approach to enhance the performance and efficiency of mechanical systems. To address the overuse of conventional lubricants, a viable strategy involves harnessing the potential of naturally available lubricants to operate effectively under extreme operating conditions, such as high loads and high-temperature and high-friction environments. The incorporation of nanomaterials, with their high surface area, extended thermal conductivity, and enhanced load-carrying capacity, offers an effective means of producing alternatives to traditional lubricants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating nanomaterials in small percentages of 2%, 4%, and 6% into bio-lubricants to reduce friction and improve their tribological performance. A systematic analysis of the effects of nanomaterials on lubrication parameters, such as shear rate, shear stress, torque, and viscosity, was performed. The experimental results indicate that the incorporation of nanomaterials into bio-lubricants aligns their parameters closely with those of commercial lubricants, suggesting their potential as a viable alternative in the lubricant industry.