Umbria in Italy: some comparisons and conclusions

Abstract The aim of this last, concluding chapter is to summarize the position reached on a range of important issues in the history of Umbria in the first millennium BC and, where it is instructive, to compare this picture with the evidence for Picenum. Although different in many ways, the pattern of settlement in Picenum does show some important similarities with that in Umbria. In both regions there is archaeological evidence (in the form of cemeteries) for increasing numbers of settlements from the start of the Iron Age, and by the era of Augustus both had similarly dense patterns of small urban centres.