The Roman conquest and colonization of Umbria

Abstract This chapter covers the Roman conquest and reorganization of Umbria in the late fourth and third centuries BC and the involvement of Umbria in the Hannibalic War. We saw in Chapter 2 that settlement had begun on many of the later city sites by the time of the conquest, and in most cases went back for several centuries. Archaeological evidence shows that there were important social changes in the Iron Age, which I suggested could be understood as the beginnings of state organization.