UXT plays dual opposing roles on SARM‐induced apoptosis

Apoptosis is a vital defense mechanism for the clearance of infected cells. Ubiquitously expressed transcript (UXT), which exists in two isoforms (V1 and V2), interact with both apoptotic and cellular proteins. By yeast two‐hybrid analysis, we found that UXT interacts with SARM (sterile α and HEAT armadillo motif‐containing protein). Since SARM is a TLR adaptor which induces intrinsic apoptosis following immune activation, we were prompted to query whether UXT and SARM might co‐regulate apoptosis. We found that the UXT isoforms elicit dual opposing regulatory effects on SARM‐induced apoptosis; while UXT V1, co‐expressed with SARM, caused a reduction in caspase 8 activity, UXT V2 strongly increased caspase 8 activity and enhanced SARM‐induced apoptosis by activating the extrinsic pathway and depolarizing the mitochondria.