Survey of botanical characteristics and preliminary analysis of chemical composition of Abutilon indicum

Abutilon indicum belonging to the Malvaceae family, is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of dysentery, fever, allergies, diuresis, toothache, back pain, inflammation, diabetes, bronchitis, diarrhea, gonorrhea, helminthiasis, rheumatism, numbness, bone and joint pain, and detoxification. The leaves are also crushed and applied topically to treat boils and snake bites. However, research on Abutilon indicum in Vietnam is limited. Therefore, to provide scientific evidence, to advance a broader research scope that previous studies have restricted, focusing on individual parts such as roots, stems, and leaves of Abutilon indicum, and to promote the value of this species, the entire Abutilon indicum plant, collected in Vinh Long province, was analyzed. Morphological, anatomical, and powdered drug characteristics were described, and preliminary chemical composition was surveyed using the modified Ciuley method. The results revealed the anatomical characteristics, powdered drug characteristics, and preliminary chemical composition in the roots, stems, and leaves. These morphological, anatomical, powdered drug and preliminary chemical composition findings support accurate identification and quality control of the medicinal material. Additionally, they provide a valuable reference for further research.