Study on Bovine Trypanosomosis and Tse Tse Fly Challenge in Darimu District of Birbir Valley, South Western Ethiopia

This study was undertaken on bovine trypanosomia sis and its vectors at Birbir valley located in Darmu district, Illubababor zone. The parasitological examination was conducted using Buffy coat technique while vector survey was conducted using odour baited Monopyramidal trap. The objective of the study w as to determine the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in cattle, to determine fly density and to identify associated risk factors. From 392 Blood samples were collected, 45(11.5%) were found to be positive by Buffy coat technique and trypanosome species identi fied by their motility were T.congolense 40 (88.9%) and T.vivax 5(11.1 %) and Trypanosoma congolense was the dominant species. A total of 52 Monopyramidal traps were deployed and 1836 (73%) tsetse flies and 676(26.9%) biting flies were caught. From flies c aptured, 971(52.9%), 540(29.4%) and 325(17.7%) Glossina morsitans sub morsitans of savannah flies, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes of reverine and Glossina pallidipes of savannah species were identified respectively. The overall apparent densities fly / trap / day (FTD) were 17.7 and 6.5 for tsetse and biting flies respectively. There was no statically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of trypanosome infection between sex group while statistically significant difference was observed between age group(x 2 =41.0, p=0.000 , p<0.05). The mean PCV of the parasitemic and aparasitemic animals were 21.3% and 24.3% respectively .The difference between the mean PCV value of the parasitemic and apparasitemic animals were statistically significant(P< 0.05). Designing and implementation of trypanosomosis control should be targeted to the major cyclically transmitting tsetse flies.