Antioxidant Activity of the Fixed Oil from the Fruits of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (Caryocaraceae)

Oxidation is a crucial metabolic process that generates energy in cells but also results in the production of free radicals, leading to oxidative stress and the development of chronic diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause damage to DNA and cellular molecules, making the production of antioxidants essential to mitigate these effects. Fatty acids, in addition to their structural functions, have antioxidant properties and are recognized for protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation. This study focuses on the fixed oil from the fruits of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm., commonly known as pequi, which is rich in fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids. The aim was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of this oil using the DPPH free radical method. After oil extraction, assays were performed that demonstrated a high antioxidant capacity of the oil, with an IC50 of 75.22 µg/mL, similar to the positive control (ascorbic acid, with an IC50 of 9.77 µg/mL). The results indicate that the fixed oil of C. coriaceum is effective in inhibiting oxidation at significant concentrations, highlighting its antioxidant properties and potential in preventing degenerative diseases. The study suggests incorporating the oil into the diet as a promising strategy to promote health, reinforcing the importance of natural resources in therapeutic approaches. Additionally, further research is recommended to explore its applications in preventive medicine.