Standardisation and <i>In Vitro</i> Glucose Uptake Study of <i>Thiripalathi Kashayam</i> in L6 Cell Lines - A <i>Siddha</i> Polyherbal Decoction

Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is one among the threatening non-communicable diseases that poses a serious health threat if not adequately controlled. Although several conventional medicines are currently available, natural remedies are considered more cost-effective, better tolerated, and safer for long-term use. Aim: The aim of this study is to scientifically validate and prove the authenticity of the traditional Siddha anti-diabetic formulation Thiripalathi Kashayam. Materials and Methods: The formulation was subjected to physicochemical standardisation, high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and an in vitro glucose uptake study in order to assess its quality, safety, and preliminary therapeutic potency. Results: Thiripalathi Kashayam (TPCK) showed optimal pH, high extractive values, and clear High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) peaks indicating major bioactive compounds. It significantly enhanced glucose uptake in L6 myotubes in a dose-dependent manner (48.19% at 100 µg/mL, R2 = 0.996). Conclusion: Findings from these studies indicate that Thiripalathi Kashayam complies with established standards of quality and purity, and it contains bioactive constituents responsible for its pharmacological actions. Furthermore, the in vitro glucose uptake assay demonstrated that the formulation significantly enhances glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner. These results provide preliminary evidence supporting its antidiabetic potential and justify its traditional use, while also underscoring the need for in vivo and clinical studies to substantiate its therapeutic efficacy. Major Findings: All other physicochemical parameters were within acceptable limits, indicating that TPCK was free from contamination or adulteration and properly manufactured. HPTLC revealed 11 peaks (Rf 0.02–0.60), with peaks 11 and 7 showing major intensities and areas, indicating multiple active constituents. Glucose uptake showed a strong positive linear correlation with TPCK concentration (R2 = 0.996, p < 0.01). Thus, TPCK appears to be a promising modulator of glucose uptake.