RESOURCE-SAVING CHARGING SYSTEMS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES WITH ELECTRIC DRIVES IN URBAN POWER NETWORKS

Today, almost the entire world is experiencing the so-called transport revolution associated with the widespread market introduction and use of both hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles, which in the European Union are collectively referred to by the abbreviation PEV – Plug-In Electric Vehicle. Each year, the number of electric vehicles continues to increase, which has already led to a situation where the issue of timely charging has become a significant challenge for users. Naturally, charging infrastructure is also developing; however, this development is accompanied by a growing level of electricity consumption, which in turn raises another important issue, namely the limitation of energy resources. In order to address these challenges, it is necessary to analyze electric vehicle charging systems, charging modes, and the capabilities of urban power systems. The problems of integrating electric vehicles into electric power systems have been considered in a significant number of scientific studies, particularly in publications indexed in the Scopus database [1–10]. The purpose of this article is to analyze technical solutions for electric vehicle charging systems from the perspective of resource conservation and electric drive operation, as well as to substantiate engineering approaches aimed at reducing energy losses in urban electric power networks. The main approaches to solving these problems can be structured as follows: Strategy of vertical integration and development of proprietary networks. Partnerships and joint ventures with vehicle manufacturers. Public–private partnerships (PPP) and financing through government programs. Integration with renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems. Focus on segmented solutions and the development of charging hubs. The electric vehicle charger is an integral part of the overall electric drive system, as it directly affects the operating modes of the traction electric motor through the parameters of the battery pack. From a resource conservation perspective, reducing losses in the power elements of the electric drive, particularly in semiconductor switching devices and passive filter components, is of primary importance. Resource conservation in electric vehicle charging systems is achieved through the optimization of charging schedules, limitation of peak power demand, and improvement of the energy efficiency of power converters. An example calculation is proposed for an AC electric vehicle charging system integrated into an urban power grid, taking into account the principles of resource conservation and its impact on the electric drive. The study concludes that the most resilient solutions are hybrid strategies that combine private initiative (technology and efficiency), government support (risk mitigation), strategic partnerships (access to land and customers), and orientation toward future technologies (bidirectional charging and virtual power plants). The development of charging stations should focus on intelligent, high-speed solutions integrated with energy storage systems and unified by a single digital platform