Effectiveness of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in prevention of Cancer: A Systematic Review

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) helps prevent cancer through its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It boosts immune function by enhancing natural killer cells and macrophages. Withaferin A in ashwagandha promotes apoptosis in cancer cells without harming normal cells. It inhibits tumour growth by blocking angiogenesis and supports hormonal balance. Ashwagandha also aids DNA protection and repair, reducing cancer risk. The Objective of the study is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of W. Somnifera in the prevention of cancer, based on evidence from clinical studies. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and SpringerLink. Studies from 2001 to 2023 were screened using specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, focusing on W. somnifera effect on cancer-related outcomes. The risk of bias used tool is the Cochrane’s revised tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). The systematic review identified six eligible studies that demonstrated various anticancer effects of W. somnifera. This included inhibition of tumor growth, suppression of metastasis, enhancement of chemotherapy tolerance, and improved quality of life. The studies used different preparations of the herb, and the active compounds—particularly Withaferin A and withanone—were shown to induce apoptosis, regulate immune responses, and target cancer pathways effectively. Withania somnifera shows promising anticancer potential, acting through multiple pathways including antioxidant defense, hormonal regulation, and tumor suppression. While preclinical and early clinical findings are encouraging, more large-scale human trials are needed to establish its safety, efficacy, and clinical utility in cancer prevention and therapy.