DISTRIBUTION AND RACE COMPOSITION OF DOWNY MILDEW (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. and de Toni) IN BULGARIA / EXTENSION Y RAZAS DEL MILDIU (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. y de Toni) EN BULGARIA / ÉTENDUE ET RACES DE LA ROUILLE (Plasmopara halstedii

SUMMARY Downy mildew caused by the fungus Plasmopara halstedii is the main disease on sunflower in Bulgaria. In recent years a number of authors have reported the occurrence of new more virulent races of the pathogen. According to other authors these races demonstrate resistance to the fungicides used up to now. This fact is rather alarming and imposes the necessity of annual researches with the aim of following the changes in the downy mildew race variability. In the period 1995-1997 downy mildew isolates were collected from the following locations: Bourgas, Boyanovo, Karnobat, Ognyanovo, Selanovtsi, Kroushari, Lovech, Koubrat, Brashlyan, Sitovo, Tervel, Targovishte, IWS “Dobroudja” and Dobrich. The samples were assessed for virulence on a set of sunflower differential - lines under greenhouse conditions. The obtained results do not reveal a great race variability of downy mildew population in Bulgaria. In the period of study two races of the pathogen were identified: race 1 which infects the differential lines without genes for resistance to the pathogen. It is distributed in all sunflower production areas of the country. The other one is race 2. It is of limited distribution and has been registered in individual fields of north-east and north-west Bulgaria. It attacks the differential lines carrying the resistance gene Pl-1 .