HE TYPES OF ANTONYMS IN POLISH PAROEMIAS

The article analyzes theoretical works on opposites and typological varieties of antonyms. It also considers features which influence on antonimous words entering into a relationship of opposition. The paper focuses on the study of the types of antonyms in Polish proverbs and sayings based on semantic, formal-structural and stylistic features. In a semantic relation the cases of presence two and more antonymous pair are fixed, which can belong both to the different types of antonyms or to the same one. Also a lot of opposition was defined based on the sex and family ties. The types of antonyms are analysed in relation to parts-of-speech expression. The analysis of single-root and multicolored opposition in thecomposition of the studied units, which resulted in the finding that the antonymic pairs formed bywith the help of different roots, make up the majority. The one-root antonyms in the composition are singled out Polish paremias, in particular the opposition, formed by adding prefixes to verbs bases and a negative part nie to the basics of nouns. The analysis of contextual antonyms recorded that more often opposed than individual words, and multi word part of paroemias. Issues that need further detailed study are outlined.