Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Microemulgel Containing Colchicine

Abstract Purpose This research aimed to develop a topical microemulgel that reduces gout activity by incorporating colchicine. Microemulgels, with their dual mechanism that combines the advantages of gel and emulsion formulations, represent a new approach in drug delivery systems. A topical microemulgel containing colchicine was developed and evaluated in this study with the goal of enhancing delivery for the treatment of gout. Methods A variety of polymers, including Carbopol 934, were used to create the microemulgel by mixing gel ingredients with microemulsion. The pH, spreadability, viscosity, drug content, zeta potential, and in vitro drug release of the prepared microemulgel were assessed. FT-IR and DSC studies were used to evaluate the drug's compatibility with the excipients. For three months, stability tests were carried out at room temperature. Pig ear skin was used for in vitro permeation studies. Results Compatibility tests showed that the polymers and colchicine were not incompatible. Over eight hours, the in vitro drug release varied between 54.73% and 80.5%; the optimal formulation (F8) achieved an 80.5% release. Drug release from all formulations (F1–F9) was proven to have a zero-order release mechanism by kinetic analysis. Conclusion The microemulgel containing colchicine showed good drug release, stability, and excipient compatibility, suggesting that it could be a useful topical formulation for gout treatment. Through better transdermal distribution of colchicine, the optimized formulation can improve therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance.