An Efficient ZZW Construction Using Low-Density Generator-Matrix Embedding Techniques

A novel steganographic algorithm based on ZZW construction is proposed to improve the steganographic embedding efficiency. Low-density generator-matrix (LDGM) embedding is an efficient embedding technique for embedding a large number of messages into host. We shall propose a modified ZZW construction to improve the embedding complexity and efficiency. We use LDGM embedding techniques instead of the first channel of ZZW construction and estimate the suboptimal parameters for the bias propagation (BiP) algorithm of LDGM embedding. By using this construction, we are capable of constructing a new embedding structure with small payloads from original embedding structure with large payloads. Experimental results show that the embedding efficiencies of our construction are close to the theoretical upper bound.