The progression of non-culprit coronary lesion is related to higher SII, SIRI, and PIV in patients with ACS

Coronary heart disease pathogenesis is intricately linked to inflammation. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a coronary heart disease that seriously affects the prognosis of patients. New immune-inflammatory indices such as systemic immune inflammation index (SII), system inflammation response index (SIRI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) have emerged as potential biomarkers, offering reflection into systemic inflammatory states and assisting in the prognosis of diverse diseases. This research explored the association between the new immune-inflammatory indices (SII, SIRI, and PIV) and the progression of non-culprit coronary lesions (NCL) in patients with ACS after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Our study investigated the potential association between the immune-inflammatory index (SII, SIRI, and PIV) and NCL progression in patients with ACS following PCI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with ACS who underwent PCI twice at a single-center from 2019 to 2023. Clinical and angiographic features were collected from electronic medical records. The primary outcome was NCL progression. All patients were divided into a progression group and a non-progression group based on angiographies. The clinical and angiographic features were analyzed. The study included 311 ACS patients (progression group: 97 males, 34 females; non-progression group: male 146 males, 34 females). The SII, SIRI, and PIV were significantly higher in the NCL progression group than in the non-progression group (P < .001). Logistic regression analysis showed that SII, SIRI, and PIV were independent risk factors for the NCL progression and positively correlated with it (OR: 1.002, P < .001; OR: 2.188, P < .001; OR: 1.003, P < .001). ROC showed that the SII value was the highest in terms of sensitivity with a value of 67.18% (AUC = 0.7288, P < .001), and the SIRI was the highest in terms of specificity with a value of 79.44% (AUC = 0.6974, P < .001). The SII, SIRI, and PIV are valuable predictors of NCL progression in patients with ACS. Higher SII, SIRI, and PIV are related to the progression of NCL.