SILAPUTRAKA NYAYA: A CLASSICAL INTERPRETATIVE PRINCIPLE FOR UNDERSTANDING HIDDEN PATHOLOGY IN AYURVEDA

Āyurveda employs a distinctive epistemological framework to explain complex physiological and pathological phenomena through logical tools known as nyāyas. These nyāyas function as illustrative maxims that simplify abstract principles, facilitate clinical understanding, and enhance interpretative clarity of classical texts. Among these, Śilāputraka Nyāya occupies a unique position in explaining the phenomenon of apparent stability masking internal destruction. This nyāya is particularly relevant in understanding chronic diseases, dhātu-kṣaya, avarana, and latent pathological processes where outward normalcy conceals progressive internal deterioration. The present conceptual review aims to elaborate the philosophical basis of nyāya in Ayurveda with special reference to Śilāputraka Nyāya, its textual origin, interpretative meaning, clinical relevance, and contemporary applicability. Classical references from Bṛhattrayī and authoritative commentaries were critically analysed. The study highlights the importance of Śilāputraka Nyāya in understanding subtle pathogenesis and reinforces the need for nyāya-based interpretative approaches in Ayurvedic education and research. Keywords: Nyāya, Śilāputraka Nyāya, Dhātu-kṣaya.