Aspects épidemio-cliniques et évolutifs de l’hépatite virale B vue au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Raseta Befelatanana d’Antananarivo, Madagascar

Introduction. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and outcomes aspects of patients with viral hep atitis B hospitalized in Gastroenterology at University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana. Methods. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, single-center study of patients with Ag Hbs positivity over a 5-year peri od (January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016). Results. We enrolled 140 patients, 107 of them men (76.43%). They comprised 19 cases (13.57%) of acute hepatitis and 121 cases (86.43%) of chronic infection, including 4 cases (3.31%) of chronic uncomplicated hepatitis B and 117 cases (96.69%) of complicated hepati tis B, including 93 (79.49%) cirrhotics and 24 cases (20.51%) of hepatocellular carcinoma. Median age was 44.64 years. Ascites (43.57%) and jaundice (20.71%) were the main modes of discovery. The main risk factors were blood transfusion (28.57%) and surgery (67.67%). No patient was tested for serological status (HBeAg, HBeAb, VHD co-infection, fibroactitest®). Thirty-two patients (22.86%) died. Complications of cirrhosis dominated the reasons for death. Seventy-seven (55%) patients were treated with antivirals. Lamivudine was used in 73 cases (93.51%). Viral load and follow-up biochemical tests could not be assessed due to the economic difficulties encountered by our patients. Conclusion. The hepatitis B virus is a major cause of chronic hepatopathy in Madagascar, fraught with serious complications. Keywords: hepatitis B, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma