Speed control of BLDC motor using microcontroller

Brushless DC motors (BLDC) are becoming increasingly attractive in a large number of applications due to performance advantages such as reduced size and cost, reduced torque ripples, increased torque-current ratio, low noises high efficiency, reduced maintenance and good control characteristics over a wide range in torque–speed plan and precise speed control. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a BLDC motor speed control system using a microcontroller. The microcontroller generates Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals to regulate motor speed, which are supplied to the motor driver to ensure smooth operation and efficient performance. Additionally, motor protection was addressed using temperature sensors, and fire sensors were implemented for safety. This paper involves controlling a BLDC motor's speed using a potentiometer, Raspberry Pi Pico, and a motor driver. The Raspberry Pi Pico generates a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal based on potentiometer input. That signal is given to the motor driver; the motor driver provides a variable voltage to the BLDC motor depending on the PWM duty cycle. The motor's speed increases/decreases based on the potentiometer's position. The temperature sensor is used for monitoring of overheating in the motor driver and motor.