Study of Chemical Ingredients in Cosmetic Products and Their Potential Effects on Skin Health of the girls in Mandi Region

Background: Cosmetic products are widely used by adolescent girls and young women for personal care and aesthetic enhancement. However, many cosmetics contain chemical ingredients such as parabens, phthalates, formaldehyde-releasing preservatives, synthetic fragrances, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) filters, which may adversely affect skin health following prolonged or inappropriate use. Despite increasing cosmetic consumption in India, limited data are available regarding the chemical composition of commonly used cosmetic products and their potential dermatological effects among girls in the Mandi region of Himachal Pradesh. Objective: This study aimed to identify the major chemical ingredients present in commonly used cosmetic products and evaluate their potential effects on skin health among girls in the Mandi region. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among girls aged 16–30 years residing in the Mandi region. Information regarding cosmetic use, frequency of application, duration of use, and self-reported skin problems was collected using a structured questionnaire. Frequently used cosmetic products were analyzed for selected chemical ingredients using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results: The study identified several commonly used preservatives, fragrances, and trace heavy metals in cosmetic products. Frequent cosmetic use was significantly associated with self-reported skin irritation, acne, allergic reactions, dryness, and hyperpigmentation. Products containing higher concentrations of synthetic preservatives and fragrances were associated with a greater prevalence of adverse skin effects. Conclusion: The findings indicate that prolonged exposure to certain chemical ingredients in cosmetic products may contribute to dermatological problems among girls in the Mandi region. Greater consumer awareness, ingredient transparency, regulatory monitoring, and dermatological guidance are essential to promote the safe use of cosmetic products and protect skin health.