Molecular Fingerprinting and Therapeutic Merits of Two Jasmine Species - Jasminum sambac and Jasminum grandiflorum

Jasminum sambac and Jasminum grandiflorum, two jasmine species, have diverse applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This study was designed to assess the antioxidant, antidiabetic, bactericidal, and hemolytic properties of aqueous leaf extracts of Jasminum sambac and Jasminum grandiflorum. The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were evaluated by recognized protocols. The antidiabetic potential was evaluated through α-amylase inhibition assay. Hemolytic and bactericidal activities were investigated using hemolysis and well diffusion assays. Furthermore, molecular fingerprinting was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. TPC was found to be 30.64 ± 2.96 mg GAE/100 g and 28.28 ± 3.73 mg GAE/100 g for J. sambac and J. grandiflorum, respectively, with no significant difference between the two species (p>0.05). However, J. grandiflorum had a significantly higher TFC (163.93 ± 6.46 mg CE/100 g) compared to J. sambac (144.30 ± 9.55 mg CE/100 g) (p<0.05). Similarly, J. grandiflorum exhibited higher DPPH free radical scavenging activity (58.31 ± 0.24%) compared to J. sambac (47.22 ± 4.65%) (p<0.05). It showed negligible bactericidal activity against S. aureus and mild activity against E. coli. The J. sambac and J. grandiflorum extracts exhibited 39.26% and 34.66% α-amylase inhibition, respectively. J. sambac and J. grandiflorum exhibited 8.24% and 1.55% hemolysis, respectively. Molecular fingerprinting revealed the presence of alcohols, carboxylic acids, phenols, alkanes, alkenes, esters, ethers, amides, amines and, aromatic compounds. These results underscore the therapeutic attributes of J. sambac and J. grandiflorum leaves, providing valuable insights into phytochemistry and potential health benefits.