Accuracy of Concave Sleeve in Comparison with Plano Sleeve While Doing Retinoscopy

Background: One of the main reasons for a reduction in visual acuity is refractive error. It can either be determined by using different devices or by placing corrective lenses in front of the eye and asking questions. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the concave sleeve in comparison with the plano sleeve while performing retinoscopy. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study in which 43 patients visiting Mayo Hospital for ocular examination were recruited. Patients above 15 years of either sex were included. Patients with any other external ocular disease were excluded from the study.  Data was collected by using a self-designed proforma which included information about patient profile, previous ocular history, type of refractive error, and concave sleeve reading and plano sleeve reading of retinoscopy.  College of Ophthalmology and Allied Vision Sciences, Lahore. The study was conducted from September to December 2021. All the data was entered and analysed by using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 25.00). Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data, such as standard deviation and mean. Interclass correlation was applied to compare both groups. Paired sample T-test was applied for the mean value. Retinoscopy with plano and concave sleeves was performed in each individual. Results of both techniques were analysed by the interclass correlation method. Plano sleeve retinoscopy was performed first in a dark room, and a distance target was given to the patient. After performing plano sleeve retinoscopy, concave sleeve retinoscopy was performed. The final prescription was adjusted by subtracting the working distance of 1.5D. Results:  Results were taken from a self-designed proforma using the Interclass Correlation method. Interclass correlation value of spherical equivalent of concave and plano sleeve was strong and positive (ICC = 0.863). Concave and Plano sleeve of retinoscopy were performed in each individual. There was no significant difference between the accuracy of the two sleeves. (p-value=0.26). Conclusion: Concave sleeve and plano sleeve have the same accuracy in measuring refractive error with retinoscopy, and there is no significant difference between the accuracy of both sleeves.