Forage seed system performance of Ethiopia: An overview based on key indicators

Abstract An increase in improved forages to serve as high-quality animal feed around the year is a necessity in countries with large livestock populations. However, for increased production of improved forages, a viable and sustainable forage seed system needs to be functional. In Ethiopia, an inadequate supply of forage seed has been identified as one of the major constraints to increased forage production. To assess the current state of the forage seed system, as well as, to monitor its growth in the future, the present study provides a framework that captures important information related to the forage seed system performance in Ethiopia. Data on key indicators along the forage seed value chain (such as variety development and release, early generation seed availability, commercial seed production, forage seed promotion and marketing, and seed quality assurance) were collected using a structured survey instrument. Results indicate a considerable number of forage varieties are already registered in the country through the national agricultural research system. However, a limited quantity of early generation seed is being delivered to seed producers. On the other hand, the involvement of commercial seed producers in the forage sector is limited. There are weak forage seed promotion and quality assurance mechanisms because most of the attention in the extension and regulatory structures is provided to the food crops. The study provides a template to monitor forage seed system performance in a developing country and identifies opportunities and recommendations for development partners, practitioners, national stakeholders, and decision-makers active in the Ethiopian forage sector.