Prevalence Of Periodontal Diseases (Gingivitis, Periodontitis) among the Adult’s Patient Visiting to Dental Section of District Headquarter (DHQ) Hospital, Landikotal, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Introduction Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the periodontium, progresses to an advanced stage marked by the loss of periodontal ligament and destruction of nearby alveolar bone. The two most common periodontal diseases are gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is a mild form of periodontal disease and is characterized as the presence of gingival bleeding at least at one site. While a condition that affects teeth and the tissues that support them is called periodontitis. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) among individuals above 15 years of age.  Materials and methods: The observational cross-sectional study was conducted in DHQ, Hospital of District Khyber from June to November 20. A total of 384 patients (150 males and 234 females) of above 15 years of age were randomly selected as study participants. Based on the clinical examination data and filled questionnaire the study subjects were categorized either into gingivitis or periodontitis. Results Frequency distribution and percentage were calculated. Among 384 patients, 169 (44%) had gingivitis and 147 (38.2%) had periodontitis and 68 (17.7%) had no disease. In gender wise comparison, among 234 females, 113 (48.3%) had gingivitis and 74 (31.6%) had periodontitis. Among 150 males, 56 (37.3%) had gingivitis and 71 (47.3%) had periodontitis. Also, association with age was assessed, gingivitis was more in age group of 15-25 years 63 (65.6%) and decreased as age increased while periodontitis was more in age group 46 to 55 years 30 (76.9%) and increased as the age increased. Conclusion In the given population, a greater proportion of individuals were affected by gingivitis, with a prevalence rate of 44%, as opposed to periodontitis, which had a prevalence rate of 38.3%. Moreover, the occurrence of gingivitis was more common among females, while periodontitis was more prevalent among males.