TARIFFS, TRADE REMEDIES, AND ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE-WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INDIA AND THE ANTI-DUMPING DUTY MODEL

This study examines the role of tariffs, trade remedies, and anti-dumping measures in international trade with special reference to India and the Anti-Dumping Duty Model. Using secondary data collected from WTO, DGTR, RBI, World Bank, UNCTAD, and the Ministry of Commerce for the period 2015–2024, the study analyzes the impact of tariff rates and anti-dumping duties on trade performance. Pearson’s correlation, paired sample t-test, and multiple regression analysis were employed to assess relationships among trade policy variables and trade volume. The findings reveal that tariff rates and anti-dumping duties significantly influence trade volume in India. The paired t-test indicates a significant reduction in imports following the imposition of anti-dumping duties, supporting the applicability of the Anti-Dumping Duty Model. Regression results further confirm that tariffs and anti-dumping measures significantly affect trade flows and domestic industry protection. The study concludes that these measures are effective trade policy instruments but require careful implementation to balance fair trade, economic welfare, and global competitiveness.