Study of the Baekje Revival Movement in Cheongyang

This study aims to investigate the Baekje Revival Movement in the Cheongyang area, drawing upon an understanding of its natural environment, archaeological findings, and literary sources. Upon examining archaeological data in the area, it was observed that ruins are distributed predominantly northwest and southeast of Cheongyang, with Mt. Chilgap-san at the center. Although traces of ruins date back to the Hanseong era, the focal period appears to be after relocation of the capital to south, particularly during the Sabi era. Notably, sites ranging from the late Baekje period to the Unified Silla period are discernible. Chapter 3 delves into the regional organization and connectivity of ancient Cheongyang, analyzing archaeological evidence alongside key locations such as Baekgok-ri and Gyebong Sanseong in Yeolgi-hyeon, Usanseong in Goryangburi-hyeon, and Banghan-ri Sanseong in Sasiryang-hyeon, as well as the mountain passes of Hanti, Machi and Yeodjae. It is suggested that Yeolgi-hyeon served as both a hinterland and satellite city to the capital, playing roles in production and defense, while Goryangburi-hyeon and Sashilang-hyeon maintained a close relationship, linking to the West Sea and Yeolgi-hyeon through the Hanti and Daechi pass in the Chaeryeong Mountains. Chapter 4 examines the Baekje Revival Movement in ancient Cheongyang. Historical sources refer to the area under the name of Dusiwonak during this movement, indicating early involvement in the revival efforts. Duryangyun-seong, previously designated as the Jeongsan area in Cheongyang, was reclassified as Iseong-ri, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, amid considerations linked to Old Sabi-seong. In the early stages of the revival movement, the revivalist forces moved from Imjon-seong, following the Muhan-cheon River to Sasiryang-hyeon and Goryangburi-hyeon. Subsequently, they would have pressed upon the Ungjin-Sabi area through Yeolgi-hyeon, traversing beyond Hanti and Daechi. Recognizing the significance of the Cheongyang area in the Baekje Revival Movement, various activities were undertaken to reclaim its historical importance, leading to the misplacement of Duryangyun-seong and others to Cheongyang. This importance ultimately resulted in the establishment of ‘Goryangburi-jeong’ as the second of ten jeong in the Cheongyang area following the Three Kingdoms’ reunification.