Evaluation of Antioxidant and Thrombolytic Activities of the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Ageratum conyzoides: A Comprehensive In Vitro Pharmacological Assessment

Background: Ageratum conyzoides is one of the medicinal plants used for treatment in traditional medicines and contains several biologically active phytochemical compounds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant, and thrombolytic activities of the methanol leaf extract of the mentioned plant. Materials and Methods: Total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) in the plant extract were analyzed using Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetry, respectively. Antioxidant activity was measured through DPPH free radical scavenging method. The activity was estimated using ascorbic acid as a positive control. In vitro clot lysis test was performed to estimate thrombolytic activity using streptokinase as positive control. Results: High levels of phenolic compound content (796.12 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (572.88 mg QE/g) were observed in the leaf extracts of the plant. The IC₅₀ of methanolic leaf extract was calculated to be 478.18 μg/mL, while that of ascorbic acid was 7.8 μg/mL. Methanolic leaf extract displayed clot lysis percentage as 46.2%, while that of streptokinase and negative control were 88.49% and 5.70%, respectively. Conclusion: Results obtained in this study suggested that the plant methanolic leaf extract has moderate antioxidant and thrombolytic activities due to presence of phenolic and flavonoids compounds.