The importance of adiponectin gene polymorphisms in the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques

Introduction: Some studies have indicated that adiponectin gene polymorphisms are related to coronary artery disease, and they play a role in the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, acute coronary artery disease patients who had a myocardial infarct with ST-elevation, chronic coronary artery disease patients who had a coronary artery bypass graft operation, and the control group with normal coronary arteries were compared for the adiponectin gene polymorphisms. Material and Methods: One hundred patients who had a myocardial infarction with ST-elevation (Group1), 100 patients who had a coronary artery bypass graft operation (Group2), and as the control group, 100 patients who had coronary angiography due to suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) and appeared to have normal coronary arteries (Group3) were included in the study. Adiponectin gene polymorphisms (rs 1501299; +276 G > T, rs2241766; +45 T > G) of the participants were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results: The number of mutant GG base pairs of adiponectin at rs2241766 were smaller in Group 2 when compared to Group 1 and Group 3, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0001). Although the G allele frequencies of adiponectin at rs2241766 were similar in Groups 1 and 3 (p>0.05), the G allele frequencies in Group 2 were smaller when compared to Groups 1 and 3, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0001). The comparison of all groups for adiponectin rs1501299 polymorphisms and allele frequencies did not yield statistically significant results (p>0.05). Conclusion: Since adiponectin, which is thought to play a role in the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, has different genotype distributions and allele frequencies at rs2241766 in acute and chronic coronary artery disease, we suppose that this polymorphism can be interpreted as a risk factor.