Endodontic Treatment Need Index (ETNI): A Comprehensive Index for Assessing Endodontic Treatment Needs in Traumatized Anterior Teeth

Abstract Background: The classification of traumatized anterior teeth has undergone significant developments over the years, with various systems offering distinct benefits and limitations. Despite these advancements, a more comprehensive and endodontic-focused approach to categorizing these injuries is needed. This study aims to introduce a novel classification system, the Endodontic Treatment Need Index (ETNI), which is specifically designed to assess and categorize traumatized anterior teeth on the basis of their endodontic treatment requirements. This system provides a more accurate and practical approach to managing these injuries, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital's dental center, which evaluated 391 cases of traumatized anterior teeth. Three classification systems were applied to each case: Ellis' classification, Andreasen's classification, and the novel Endodontic Treatment Need Index (ETNI) classification. This comparative analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and applicability of each classification system in managing traumatized anterior teeth. Results: The prevalence of anterior traumatic injuries was assessed viathree different classification systems. According to the Ellisclassification, Class II injuries were the most common (24.0%), followed by Class IV injuries (20.7%). Andreasen's classification revealed that enamel‒dentinefractures were the most prevalent type of trauma (24.6%), followed by complicated crown fractures (18.4%). The Endodontic Treatment Need Index (ETNI) classification revealedthat Grade 1b injuries were the most common (18.9%), followed by Grade 6 injuries (15.3%). The results indicate notable variation in the distribution of trauma types across the three classification systems. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of the novel Endodontic Treatment Need Index (ETNI) in the management and treatment planning of traumatized anterior teeth. While existing classifications provide valuable insights, the ETNI offers a unique perspective on endodontic treatment needs. Further research is necessary to validate the clinical applicability and reliability of the ETNI in various clinical settings, ultimately aiming to establish its utility in informing treatment decisions and enhancing patient outcomes. The ETNI has the potential to become a valuable tool in the armamentarium of dental professionals, ensuring more effective and personalized care for patients with traumatized anterior teeth.