Ethanolic extract of Gongronema latifolium improves learning and memory in Swiss albino Mice

Learning and memory are vital attributes of human intelligence. These processes underlie the very nature of our self-awareness, planning and execution of task. The number of people living with dementia worldwide is currently estimated at 35.6 million. About 80% of the world’s population depend on herbal remedies to curb mental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effects of administration of ethanolic leaves extract of Gongronema latifolium (GL) on learning and memory in mice. Thirty (30) adult male Swiss white mice were assigned into three groups of ten mice each. Group I served as the control. Groups 2 and 3 received 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of GL extract respectively. All the animals were allowed food and water ad libitum. Learning and memory was assessed using the Morris water-maze. Results showed that the swimming latencies during the acquisition and reversal trainings, and probe trial were significantly (p<0.001) decreased in the extract treated groups when compared with the control. The south-east duration was significantly (p<0.001) increased in the extract treated groups when compared with the control group. There was a corresponding decrease (p<0.001) in the south-east duration in the extract treated groups when compared to the control. In conclusion, extract of GL enhances visio-spatial learning and cognitive memory. It could therefore be of therapeutically use in cases of memory loss or impairment.  Keywords: Gongronema latifolium, learning, memory, Morris water maze, mice.