Screening of Punica granatum Peel Extracts for Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity Against Skin Cancer

Punica granatum is a rich source of bioactive compounds exhibiting diverse pharmacological properties. In the present study, crude extracts obtained from pomegranate peel (PPE) were phytochemically characterized and evaluated for their antioxidant and anticancer potential against skin cancer. The phytochemical composition of the extracts was analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) techniques. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed using standard in vitro assays, demonstrating significant free radical scavenging activity, particularly in the ethanolic peel extract. The in vitro cytotoxic activity was further evaluated against the A431 human skin cancer cell line. Among the tested extracts, the ethanolic extract exhibited pronounced cytotoxic effects, with a lower IC₅₀ value, indicating higher efficacy. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of key bioactive compounds, including ellagic acid, which is well-known for its antioxidant and anticancer properties. Overall, the findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of Punica granatum peel possesses potent antioxidant and anticancer activities, highlighting its potential for therapeutic and industrial applications.