Development of the Biomimicry Teaching Self-Assessment Scale

The purpose of this study is to develop a self-assessment scale designed to measure teachers’ competencies in biomimicry teaching. The sample consists of 543 teachers. The validity of the scale was established through an extensive literature review, comparisons with existing instruments, and expert evaluations. The reliability of the scale, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, ranged from 0.74 to 0.95. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 27 items in the scale were grouped under six factors: attitude towards biomimicry teaching, awareness of biomimicry applications, attitude towards nature, awareness of biomimicry concepts, self-assessment of biomimicry pedagogy, and self-efficacy in biomimicry teaching. This six-factor structure accounted for 70.08% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that factor loadings ranged from 0.41 to 0.98. The stability of the scale was assessed using the test-retest method. To ensure external validity, a correlation analysis was conducted between the scores of this scale and the Environmental Literacy Scale for Adults, revealing a strong positive relationship. Overall, the Self-Assessment Scale for Biomimicry Teaching has been shown to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing teachers’ competencies in biomimicry instruction based on their self-perceptions.