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Comparative Effectiveness of Psychological Interventions in Youth with Deliberate Self-harm: The Role of Anxiety, Depression, and Coping Skills
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Background:
Deliberate self-harm among youth is an increasing public
health concern, often linked to impaired coping, problem-solving deficits, and
emotional dysregulation. This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of
Problem-Solving Skills Training, Coping Skills Training, and Dialectical Behaviour
Therapy (DBT) in improving psychological outcomes among youth with
self-harm behaviour.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in
Eastern India between September 2023 and December 2024. A total of 225 participants
(97 males and 128 females) aged 15-29 years, with at least one deliberate
self-harm episode in the previous year, were randomly assigned to one of the
three intervention groups. Standardized tools assessed problem-solving ability,
coping skills, anxiety, and depression pre- and post-interventions. Data were analysed
using t-tests, one-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), and effect size calculations.
Results:
All interventions produced significant improvements in problem-solving
and coping, as well as reductions in depression and anxiety (p < 0.001). DBT
showed the most significant decrease in anxiety scores (mean difference = 10.20),
with a substantial group difference in anxiety reduction (F(2,222) = 3.585, p =
0.029), with dialectical behaviour therapy outperforming problem-solving skills
training. Large within-group effect sizes were observed across interventions.
Discussion:
While DBT yielded the highest anxiety reduction, both problemsolving
and coping skills training also produced clinically meaningful benefits.
These findings highlight the potential of structured interventions as scalable alternatives
in the absence of DBT-trained professionals.
Conclusion:
These results support the effectiveness of structured psychological
treatments, particularly dialectical behaviour therapy, in reducing emotional distress
and enhancing coping behaviours.
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Title: Comparative Effectiveness of Psychological Interventions in Youth with Deliberate Self-harm: The Role of Anxiety, Depression, and Coping Skills
Description:
Background:
Deliberate self-harm among youth is an increasing public
health concern, often linked to impaired coping, problem-solving deficits, and
emotional dysregulation.
This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of
Problem-Solving Skills Training, Coping Skills Training, and Dialectical Behaviour
Therapy (DBT) in improving psychological outcomes among youth with
self-harm behaviour.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in
Eastern India between September 2023 and December 2024.
A total of 225 participants
(97 males and 128 females) aged 15-29 years, with at least one deliberate
self-harm episode in the previous year, were randomly assigned to one of the
three intervention groups.
Standardized tools assessed problem-solving ability,
coping skills, anxiety, and depression pre- and post-interventions.
Data were analysed
using t-tests, one-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), and effect size calculations.
Results:
All interventions produced significant improvements in problem-solving
and coping, as well as reductions in depression and anxiety (p < 0.
001).
DBT
showed the most significant decrease in anxiety scores (mean difference = 10.
20),
with a substantial group difference in anxiety reduction (F(2,222) = 3.
585, p =
0.
029), with dialectical behaviour therapy outperforming problem-solving skills
training.
Large within-group effect sizes were observed across interventions.
Discussion:
While DBT yielded the highest anxiety reduction, both problemsolving
and coping skills training also produced clinically meaningful benefits.
These findings highlight the potential of structured interventions as scalable alternatives
in the absence of DBT-trained professionals.
Conclusion:
These results support the effectiveness of structured psychological
treatments, particularly dialectical behaviour therapy, in reducing emotional distress
and enhancing coping behaviours.
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