STRATEGIES FOR DECARBONIZING LAND TRANSPORT ENERGY POWER PLANTS

The modern transport industry is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions that negatively im-pact the environment and climate system. In response to these challenges, the international community, governments and scientists are actively working to implement decarbonisation strategies aimed at reducing CO₂ emissions and im-proving the energy efficiency of transport facilities. The article analyses the main trends, strategies and technologies in the field of decarbonisation of land transport, including the use of hydrogen engines, fuel cells, biofuels and the introduc-tion of Industry 4.0 and 5.0 technologies. The advantages of using hydrogen oppositional piston engines, which provide high environmental efficiency and energy productivity, are considered. The article identifies promising areas for the in-tegration of hydrogen and other alternative energy sources into the transport industry, and considers the possibilities of reducing emissions by modernising traditional engines. Special attention is paid to the creation and use of intelligent transport systems that can adapt to new environmental standards and climate change. The decarbonisation of the transport industry is a necessary component of sustainable development, which includes the transition to more environ-mentally friendly fuels, optimisation of combustion processes in internal combustion engines and integration of digital technologies. The article presents the results of research on the impact of hydrogen as a fuel, its efficiency and cost-effectiveness, as well as an analysis of the problems and prospects of using alternative energy sources. The article em-phasises the importance of adapting national transport strategies to the requirements of international environmental initiatives, in particular the European Green Deal, in order to achieve sustainable development. Keywords: decarbonisation, transport systems, alternative fuel, sustainable development, hydrogen engine, Industry 4.0, fuel cells.