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The Atmospheric Oxygen, Hydrogen and Helium Responses for the Extreme Geomagnetic Storm of 11 May 2024 over Different Regions
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Geomagnetic storms occur when the Earth’s magnetic field interacts with the magnetic fields of the solar
wind. Geomagnetic storms have effects on the atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere. This study analyzes the
response of the atmospheric parameters of atomic oxygen, hydrogen, and helium during the extreme magnetic storm
of 11 May 2024. This storm was one of the most intense, with a minimum Dst value of -412 nT. The atmospheric
oxygen, hydrogen and helium responses during the 11 May 2024 storm are studied by using the empirical atmospheric
model of Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter Extension 2002 (NRLMSISE 2.0) data
measurements. To observe the atmospheric parameter responses for the storm, some days before and after the extreme
storm day are used with latitudinal variability considerations. The results show that there were anomalies of
atmospheric oxygen, hydrogen and helium that occurred some days before, after, and during the storm day of 11 May
2024. The atomic oxygen and helium are increased during the storm day, while the hydrogen is decreased during the
main phase of the storm day. The atmospheric model of the NRLMSISE 2.0 responds to the anomalies of atmospheric
parameters of atmospheric oxygen, hydrogen, and helium during the extreme magnetic storm on May 11, 2024
Title: The Atmospheric Oxygen, Hydrogen and Helium Responses for the Extreme Geomagnetic Storm of 11 May 2024 over Different Regions
Description:
Geomagnetic storms occur when the Earth’s magnetic field interacts with the magnetic fields of the solar
wind.
Geomagnetic storms have effects on the atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere.
This study analyzes the
response of the atmospheric parameters of atomic oxygen, hydrogen, and helium during the extreme magnetic storm
of 11 May 2024.
This storm was one of the most intense, with a minimum Dst value of -412 nT.
The atmospheric
oxygen, hydrogen and helium responses during the 11 May 2024 storm are studied by using the empirical atmospheric
model of Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter Extension 2002 (NRLMSISE 2.
0) data
measurements.
To observe the atmospheric parameter responses for the storm, some days before and after the extreme
storm day are used with latitudinal variability considerations.
The results show that there were anomalies of
atmospheric oxygen, hydrogen and helium that occurred some days before, after, and during the storm day of 11 May
2024.
The atomic oxygen and helium are increased during the storm day, while the hydrogen is decreased during the
main phase of the storm day.
The atmospheric model of the NRLMSISE 2.
0 responds to the anomalies of atmospheric
parameters of atmospheric oxygen, hydrogen, and helium during the extreme magnetic storm on May 11, 2024.
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