Influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Regenerative Potential of Necrotic Mature Permanent Teeth in Dogs

Abstract Background: The conventional treatment methods of necrotic mature permanent teeth that remove immune mechanisms, increase the susceptibility of root fracture and possibility of reinfection, therefore, regenerative endodontic therapy is an alternative treatment modality specially when adding the possible biostimulatory effects of Photobiomodulation (PBM) on cells functions, so the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of photobiomodulation therapy on regenerative potential of necrotic mature permanent teeth in dogs. Methods: 54 mature permanent roots of premolar teeth in dogs aged 12 months old were selected and divided into three equal groups (18 roots / each): Group I; regeneration procedures using blood clot as scaffold (positive control group) and Group II, was treated with the same regenerative protocol as group I, then subjected to photobiomodulation therapy (study group) and Group III (negative control group), no intervention. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (6 per subgroup) according to evaluation periods 3, 10, 15 weeks. In each group blood vessels area percentage and fibroblasts count were evaluated according to evaluation periods. Results: Data analysis revealed significant differences for blood vessels area percentage between studied groups at the different intervals (P< 0.001). Also, significant differences were detected in fibroblasts count between groups at 3 and at 15 weeks intervals (P< 0.005). Photobiomodulation therapy was significantly influenced tissue regeneration compared to conventional regeneration using blood clot scaffold only. Conclusion: The results of this study support the revascularization of necrotic mature permanent teeth as an alternative treatment modality. Photobiomodulation could improve the constructure of regenerated tissue.