Bridging the Knowledge Gap in Kuwait: Understanding Male Patients with Rheumatic Diseases during Reproductive Years

Background: Reproductive health in rheumatic disease has predominantly focused on women, creating a gap in understanding and addressing the needs of men. It is crucial to understand the journey of male patients with rheumatic diseases during their reproductive years. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the reproductive health counseling for male patients with rheumatic diseases in Kuwait, identify barriers, assess their understanding of how the disease and medications impact their reproductive health and explore family planning intentions. Methods: A cross-sectional study has been conducted in the outpatient rheumatology clinics of seven government hospitals in Kuwait. Males 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of rheumatic disease were enrolled between November 3rd and December 15th, 2024. Data were collected via an anonymous electronic survey covering demographics, family planning, and counseling experiences. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 106 patients responded to the survey, with a mean age of 41.6 ([Formula: see text]/- 11.3) years. Among the respondents, 86 patients (81%) have inflammatory arthritis, including 43% with rheumatoid arthritis and 38% with spondylarthritis. Additionally, 58% are planning for future pregnancies. The main reasons mentioned by those not planning to have children in the future include satisfaction with the current number of children, financial insecurities, and limited physical capabilities related to the impact of the rheumatic disease. Concerns about passing on rheumatic diseases to their children, and worries regarding the potential risk of having children with birth defects due to rheumatic medications or the disease itself, also contribute to their decision. Eighty-three of the participants reported that their rheumatologists did not discuss family planning. Additionally, 75% were not counseled about the impact of their rheumatic disease, and 87% were not informed about the effects of their medications on reproductive health. On the other hand, 70% did not address their reproductive health concerns with their rheumatologists. Conclusion: Men with rheumatic diseases in Kuwait have unmet reproductive health needs. Integrating counseling into routine care and improving communication with specialists are crucial steps to enhance reproductive outcomes and quality of life. Further research is essential to develop effective strategies.