Effects of cerium oxide on liver tissue in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats undergoing desflurane anesthesia

Abstract Introduction During liver surgery and transplantation, periods of partial or total vascular occlusion are inevitable and result in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Nanomedicine uses the latest technology, which has emerged with interdisciplinary effects such as biomedical sciences, physics, and engineering, to protect and improve human health. Interdisciplinary research has brought along the introduction of antioxidant nanoparticles as potential therapeutics. This study’s goal was to investigate the effects of cerium oxide (CO) administration and desflurane anesthesia on liver tissue in liver IR injury. Material and Methods A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (C), ischemia-reperfusion (IR), IR-Desflurane (IRD), cerium oxide-ischemia reperfusion (CO-IR), cerium oxide-ischemia reperfusion-desflurane (CO-IRD). In the IR, IRD, and CO-IRD groups, hepatic ischemia was induced after the porta hepatis was clamped for 120 minutes, followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. Intraperitoneal 0.5 mg/kg cerium oxide was administered to the cerium oxide groups 30 minutes before ischemia. Desflurane 6% was administered to the IRD and CO-IRD groups during IR. All groups were sacrificed under anesthesia. Liver tissue samples were examined under a light microscope by staining with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). Malondialdehydes (MDA) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and arylesterase (ARE) enzyme activities were measured in tissue samples. Results The IR group had considerably more hydropic degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, and parenchymal neutrophil infiltration than the IRD, CO-IR, and CO-IRD groups. CAT and GST enzyme activity was significantly higher in the CO-IR groups compared with the IR group. MDA levels were found to be significantly lower in the IRD, CO-IR, and CO-IRD groups compared with the IR group. Conclusion Intraperitoneal cerium oxide with desflurane reduced oxidative stress and corrected damage in the liver.