Evaluation of serum resistin levels in Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients under biological treatment and their correlated clinical disease activity index

Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate RA patients’ serum resistin levels and to observe the relationshipbetween disease activity and resistin.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on (100) RA Iraqi patients during treatment with bDMARDs. The firstgroup of 50 patients received etanercept, and the second group of 50 patients were on Rituximab (RTX). The controlgroup comprised of 50 healthy individuals. ELISA was used to evaluate serum Resistin in and anti-CRP. Inflammatorymarkers ESR, and CRP with biochemical tests were conducted. In addition to estimating Clinical Disease Activity scoreI(CDAI) by the physicians; at Baghdad Teaching Hospital.Results: Levels of Resistin of RA treated with RTX were significantly higher (16.30 ± 7.38ng/ml) than in RA treated withETN (10.61±5.85ng/ml) compared to the control group. (6.95±1.70 ng/ml). The resistin level showed a positivecorrelation with Anti-CCP abs which was considered to have a high positive correlation (p< 0.01) in ETN group. Whilethis correlation was lower than the RTX group, the, correlation between resistin, and ESR was the highest in RTX groupwhilst no such correlation was observed in the ETN group. There was a positive correlation with CDAI of RA subgroups(moderate activity (p<0.05), and high activity (p<0.001). The logistic regression of resistin was associated with biologicaltreatment, odds ratio was (OR=1.138, p-value= 0.014, 95% CI.1.025-1.257) during ETN, and RTX independent of CRP.Conclusion: There is an association between serum RSN and anti CRP as a result of disease activity independent ofCRP. resist in levels can be used to determine disease activity to avoid disease progression and erosion.Keywords: Protein, Antibodies, Etanercept, Rituximab, Disease, Physicians